Citrus cultivation, particularly oranges, has long been a symbol of freshness and vitality. Orange plantations contribute significantly to the global fruit market, providing a source of nutrition and economic livelihood. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of orange cultivation, from historical roots to modern cultivation practices.
Citrus cultivation is growing rapidly in Indonesia. Apart from regional conditions that allow growth, orange plants can also be propagated by vegetative and generative methods. Generative methods are rarely used. It is considered less practical, because the fruiting period takes a long time and often the good characteristics of the parent cannot be maintained. Seeds that come from fruit due to cross-pollination that occur have unclear origins and uncertain characteristics. Meanwhile, vegetative propagation can be done by sticking or grafting. This method is more profitable. Plants bear fruit more quickly and the good characteristics of the parent can be maintained. “For seedlings, we have to choose Japanche type rootstock as rootstock. JC oranges are drought resistant and do not die easily when they are removed for transplanting. Apart from that, it is suitable when attached or grafted with several types of citrus varieties, and is capable of producing quite high fruit although sometimes the sour taste is still carried through. JC oranges can be planted in lowland areas 100-1,300 m above sea level (asl), both in citrus growing centers and other areas such as conservation land and dry land. So far, orange seed producers’ needs are still supplied from several regions, collected from several trees or gardens. So it is not from a special garden where JC oranges are planted, so at certain times or seasons JC seeds can become rare and expensive.
JC orange fruit can be harvested 5-6 months after the flowers open. Usually the fruit is soft when pressed, the skin of the fruit is yellowish green and reddish. Because the seeds are used, so after the fruit is harvested the seeds are removed. The method is to cut the fruit carefully using a knife while turning it into two parts. “By using a fruit press, the seeds can be separated from the juice,” he said
Cultivating citrus excellence involves a delicate balance of tradition and innovation. From the historical roots of citrus cultivation to the modern challenges and innovations, orange plantations continue to play a vital role in our lives. As we savor the refreshing taste of oranges, let’s appreciate the dedication of citrus farmers and the ongoing efforts to ensure a sustainable and fruitful future for citrus cultivation worldwide.